Committee:Disarmament and International Security Committee.Country:IranTopic 1: Banning development, possession anduse of Chemical Weapons (CW)Inthe modern era of the 21st century, we still see remnants of whatwent on during yesteryear wars; That is, the mass destruction of the humanrace, paramount violations of human rights and boiling hatred amongst nationsthat have led to dire consequences worldwide. Various kinds of CWs ranging fromleast toxic to extremely lethal ones have been employed over the past few yearsas a result of the ongoing tension around the world.

Iran has signed severalagreements concerning CWs including the Biological Weapons Convention, theChemical Weapons Convention, and the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) since theIran-Iraq war which affected millions of civilians and so, Supreme Leader of IranAyatollah Ali Khamenei banned the production and usage of these weapons ongrounds of national security and religious laws.Moderndevelopments in nuclear science have had adverse effects as those such as rebelforces, terrorist organisations and out of state countries take advantage ofthis knowledge and convert it into weapons of mass destruction. Although norules can be placed against using nuclear energy and chemicals for educationaland research purposes, production of any sort of lethal weapon may beregulated. The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) has captured98 percent of the world’s attention, as well as Iran’s, against weapon production.OPCW strives to discontinue chemical weapons programs through stricter legal authorityand reinforcement of existing pacts on banning production of CWs, monitoringnuclear consumption, stricter controls over delivery of weapons on the groundand in the air and encouraging countries to be more transparent about theirnuclear activities.TheOPCW recognises and has implemented many ways to support and improve theChemical Weapons Convention (CWC) through providing technical assistance toparties struggling to eradicate their nuclear stockpiles, The OPCW Network ofLegal Experts who are sent out to give reports on the status of implementationin their home country, including problems encountered and assistance requiredand The National Legislation Implementation Kit which need to provide statesparties with a concise and clear guide for national implementation of the CWC.

TheOPCW receives ongoing support and partnership of other organisations such as theAssociation of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), African Union (AU), EuropeanUnion (EU) and the Pacific Islands Forum.Countriesmust initiate stern programs to improve border and customs controls to preventand detect the movement of terrorists and the illegal exchange in, inter alia, smallarms and light weapons, conventional ammunition and explosives, and nuclear,chemical, biological or radiological weapons and materials. Rulers mustameliorate regulation of home country’s imports and exports to catchdiscrepancies and discourage the country’s links to terrorist organisations orcountries where nuclear weapons are active. Recentreports state that Iran has become the main sponsor of current terror attacks dueto its alliance with the infamous terror organisation, Al-Qaeda. The WhiteHouse assured that Iran is complying with the agreement to restrain its nuclearprogram and has since then announced more sanctions on Tehran.

Another solutionmay involve super countries such as Russia and the USA to imply threat ofdirect foreign military intervention to countries that are persistent on usageof CWs.Topic 2: Limiting arm tradeTheleniency and ease of weapons flowing in and out of countries nowadays has fuelledmany a terrorist organisation and acts almost as a gateway to terror anddestruction. Even today, in 2018, in countries such as the USA, it is easier topurchase a gun than to be eligible to obtain birth control. Iran has portrayedquite a controversial image concerning arms trade in recent years as it blockedadoption of the Arms Trade Treaty (ATT) during the treaty drafting conferencein 2013.

Iran’s UN ambassador, Mohammad Khazaee had issued a statement thatIran voted “no” as the treaty did not include the banning or transfer ofconventional arms to “aggressors” and “foreign occupiers”. As a consequence ofthe conventional arms embargo levied in 2010, Iran has recorded a prominentdecrease in transfers of conventional weapons. Even post the convention,however, because of the country’s ever-growing international separation from thenuclear dossier, leading weapons exporters were hesitant to engage in armsdeals with Iran.Theexpanding arms embargo since 2006 meant that Iran was unable to openly procurewhat it needed. Therefore, it, came to rely heavily on illicit methods. In thisregard, for as long as Iran remains under a UN Security Council (UNSC) armsembargo, the ATT would restrain Iran because it aims to support and complementother states’ adherence to those embargos. The ATT can also serve Iran becausesignatories have the right to request legislative assistance, such as modellegislation, or institutional capacity-building assistance to set up effectivepractices.

In terms of exports, Iran does sell rockets as well assmall arms and light weapons, which are all conventional arms covered by theATT.