Introduction:On Sunday December 10th 2017, appliedgeosciences students had a field trip to Al Hoota cave in the first semester.Survived by Ms.

Nadia Handoniaina, Ms.Aline souse, Mr.Florian goldbrunner,Mr.Lukas reuss, Ms.

Alexandra koelbl and Mr.heninjara rarivoarison.It is locatedin Nizwa in al hammra Oman. Al hoota cave was discovered hundreds years ago,but officially opened on December 2006. They allow tourists to enter in from9am to 6pm.

What is a cave? Cave is a natural phenomenon, it is ahollow place in the ground. Which humans can enter it.Caves are formed by theweathering or rock. The mineral which excites in the Hoota cave was calcite.

ALHoota cave created by water like other caves which excited in Oman. It isformed by dissolution of limestone be acidic water. It began from rain waterwhich dissolve producing a dilute carbonic acid that dissolve the limestone. 1Figure 1:calcite mineral which can be found in the Al hoota cave. 2Figure 2:limestone rock which can be found in the Al-hoota cave.  3There are special features inAl-Hoota cave such as stalagmites and stlactits.

There speleotheme is form inlimestone or dolostone solution cave. And over time the accumulation of thesewill form the stalagmites and staluctits. Stalactites grow down from the cave ceiling,white stalagmites grow up from the cave floor.The stalagmites take the (T) shapefrom the top and the stalactites takes the (G) shape from the bottom.4Figure4: An example ofthe stalactites in the Al hoota cave.

 Stalagmites and stalactites form bywater of the rain it passes through organic material and get carbon dioxidecreating carbonic acid. This carbonic acid passes through cracks and scratchesin the limestone which created in the cave. When it face the water which itscarry dissolved rock is exposed to the air in the cave. So its gives in resultcarbon dioxide gas.As there is carbon dioxide gas calciteis precipitated on cave walls. If the water which fall down in the ground stillgot calcite it can deposit more dissolve calcite there, forming a stalagmite.

5Figure5: Themineral deposits lead to exotic natural forms of stalagmites and stalactites,such as the magnificent rock in the shape of the magnificent lion head in the HootaCave.         In the lake of the Al hoota cavethere is small blind fishes which are pink color. It is so clear even theirbones are shown .In Al hoota cave they are using the water pump system tobalance the surface of the water inside the cave. Although they are born with eyes, those eyes are covered with age 6Figure5: The pink blind fish    ·       Geological exhibition center:Old sediments on basement ,Percambrian-silurian(-devonian),750-430million years(~400 million years):78Figure8:green cooper mineralizationin ophoiolite samail,oman.9Figure9:Bore breccia(fossildeer)Tilos island Greece10Figure10:Shales hawasina deep-seasediment south of dawwah, Jabal bani jabir.

11Figure11: (Exotic limestone)12Figure 12: Shales and cherts hawasinadeep-sea sediment area between izki and samail Oman.Conclusion:”To summarize, the objective of this trip was tostudy part of the the geological nature of Oman through the section to displaysilverware, prototypes of traditional Omani ships as well some documents andpostage stamps. “Once students arrives the tour guide took them to the cave andexplained the features in it.Also he answered the students questions .Inaddition, the tour guide explained the history or Al hoota cave and mentionedfrom what its created .1 https://www.google.com/search?biw=1280&bih=613&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=CK1LWvWcBceusAfNo4KoCQ&q=calcite&oq=calcite&gs_l=psy-ab.3..0j0i67k1j0l2j0i67k1j0l5.178244.179659.0.180629.7.7.0.0.0.0.233.1038.0j2j3.5.0….0…1c.1.64.psy-ab..2.5.1035…0i10i67k1.0.ExOFE2RbuYU 2 https://www.google.com/search?biw=1280&bih=613&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=vq1LWreWFoivkwW695KADA&q=limstone&oq=limstone&gs_l=psy-ab.3..0i10k1l10.32053.34831.0.35419.8.8.0.0.0.0.713.1228.5-1j1.2.0….0…1c.1.64.psy-ab..6.2.1226….0.M7K2BpeDgvc 3 https://www.google.com/search?biw=1920&bih=971&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=zZVLWqq-IJLPkwWuj4ToBQ&q=al+hoote+cave&oq=al+hoote+cave&gs_l=psy-ab.3..0i13k1l7j0i13i30k1.2416.6474.0.7130.13.13.0.0.0.0.289.1779.0j3j5.8.0….0…1c.1.64.psy-ab..5.8.1771…0j0i67k1j0i10k1j0i13i5i30k1j0i8i30k1.0.boC9FTaDgow#imgrc= https://www.google.com/search?biw=1280&bih=613&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=SatLWv39LJL5kwXIpYQI&q=An+example+of+the+stalactites+in+the+Al+hoota+cave&oq=An+example+of+the+stalactites+in+the+Al+hoota+cave&gs_l=psy-ab.3…152425.152425.0.153424.1.1.0.0.0.0.221.221.2-1.1.0….0…1c.2.64.psy-ab..0.0.0….0.3hZIihlEusw 45https://www.google.com/search?q=lion+head+al+hoota+cave&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwie_OWY5rnYAhUM-qQKHfaCAhsQ_AUICigB&biw=1280&bih=613 6 https://www.google.com/search?q=%D9%83%D9%87%D9%81+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%87+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%87+%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjd9onhzbnYAhWBGuwKHaxaAXMQ_AUICigB&biw=1280&bih=613 7This photo is taken by buthaina al-yaqoobi8This photo is taken by buthaina Al-yaqoobi9This photo is taken by buthaina Al-yaqoobi10This photo is taken by buthaina Alyaqoobi11This photo is taken by buthaina Al-yaqoobi12This photo is taken by buthaina Al-yaqoobi